States legislators are the ones who choose electors to send to the Congress for the official vote. Technically, they can do whatever they want and ignore the votes of the people. You would need a constitutional amendment to chang be the way voting works and have the federal government control voting and elector selection requirements.
It was introduced on October 23rd 2001 in direct response to the 9/11 attack and signed into law on 26th.
The Patriot Act gives the government practically unlimited permission to spy on all citizens. It was created and passed as a result of 9/11.
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