Afaik it refers to the bacteria being treatment resistant. Usually penicillin resistant bugs are classified as super.
Gonorrhea has been resistant to penicillin for a long time. But now its becoming tesistant to doxycilin which was specific for only a few bugs, and thats really bad, as theres no other strong contenders atm.
A link to the actual article: https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/03/super-gonorrhea-rate-quickly-triples-in-china-now-40x-higher-than-us/