If you are low on memory, a fork bomb still works
I can confirm that it crashed my laptop running fedora 36 (this was a while ago lol)
Just tested and confirm it doesn't work on Fedora 38. When you run it, you get an error saying:
bash: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable
.
It still does the loop, but doesn't slow down the system or anything, and you can easily close the terminal window.
As I said before, systemd imposes cgroup limits per user so fork bombs no longer work.