It's a complicated question to answer. For a simple definition of "how if feudalism different that capitalism?" the answer comes down to monopoly on violence. A precondition for bourgeoisie capitalism is that the state will in theory protect property rights. A capitalist who owns a factory is not allowed to invade a rival factory and take over his stuff, the system wouldn't work that way. (Capitalists are allowed to use violence to oppress the peasants or workers, but not other capitalists). So capitalists compete with eachother through "peaceful" means, trying to get more profit than other capitalists. This lets them buy out rival factories or drive rivals out of business. But they can't send men with weapons.
When we look at European feudalism in the middle ages, the feudal lords were constantly investing in profit making ventures. They bought mills, bridges, and all the land they could. The difference is they didn't invest in profit-saving technology, like bourgeoisie. That's because another feudal lord was likely to invade their land, burn their stuff. Or the peasants could take their stuff. So lords invested in military to help protect their investments. A castle would help defend that mill from raids. Paying for knights and their horses and armor made it so you could defend your land better, or invade a neighbor. If you invested money into a factory, you would get nothing back if your neighbor invaded and burned it down.
Bourgeoisie need a powerful central state to mediate between classes, namely a central army and police to protect property. When the bourgeoisie didn't have to worry about spending money on defending their stolen land/resources, they were able to invest in labor saving technology. Feudal lords didn't invest in labor saving technology, they just bought more land. If the peasants got killed, you just had to get more peasants.
That's why I generally reject the label "neofeudalism" to describe the growing monopolies and oligopoly corporations. Until Pepsi starts invading Coca Cola to take over their factories, it's not really feudalism.